8^th International Conference on Epidemiology & Public Health September 17-19, 2018 Rome, Italy

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Kawthar Al-ajmi is a PhD student at university of Manchester in Epidemiology department. Kawthar has an expertise in statistical genetics, epidemiology and medial laboratory sciences. Her research interests are cancer epidemiology and public health. Kawthar and her supervisory team are developing an epidemiological tool for cancer to be used by public aiding for improving cancer education and prevention in the UK

Abstract:

We developed two individualized risk prediction models for breast cancer focusing on the modifiable risk factors using the UK Biobank data. The models have been built based on the menopausal status pre- and post-menopausal. A nested case-control study within the 273,467 female participants was used to develop the models. Bootstrap stepwise regression was employed to identify variables that best fit the models followed by conventional stepwise logistic regressions to confirm the set of variables.  We employed machine learning decision tree classification analysis using the significant epidemiological risk factors to fit the trees and explore any interactions. We also used a Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to seek further factors. A polygenic score of predisposition SNPs that reached GWAS significant p-value was incorporated into both models.  Model performance was tested through calibration and discrimination for both models. We applied a cross validation approach of 10 folds to test internal validation. For model external validation, we plan to utilize breast cancer datasets from international cohorts.

The model provide risk scores derived from the presence or absence of specific factors and are converted to relative risk estimates to enable the comparison of individual risk to the population risk at the same age group. The models have the potential to help a woman modify her lifestyle. The models will be implemented in the primary care and community based facilities as part of breast cancer prevention initiatives with the main aims of improving cancer education and prevention.

Recent Publications

1-Risk of breast cancer in the UK biobank female cohort and its relationship to anthropometric and reproductive factors, July 2018.  (Published)

2-Review of non-clinical risk models to aid prevention of breast cancer. (Accepted for publication)

3-Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Gene Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk among Arab Omani Women: A Case-Control Study, July 2012.

Biography:

Ramazan Saglan has been graduated from Cumhuriyet University, Turkey as medical doctor in 2013. He is a research assistant at Public Health Department of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine since 2015. He is interested in Preventive medicine and community mental health subjects.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Adolescents with social phobia are trying to socialize via the internet in order to avoid the stress of face-to-face communication with others. However, if they cannot cope with the social challenges in the real world, the increased use of the internet to provide social support increases the risk of the individual being addicted to the internet. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of social phobia and to evaluate the relationship between internet addiction among high school students.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was performed on high school students in semi-rural area of Eskisehir (Turkey) in 2017. The study group included 793 (91%) students educated in school during the study and agreed to participate in the study.  Social phobia was assessed by the Social Phobia Scale for Çapa Children and Adolescents, and internet addiction was assessed by the Young Internet Addiction Scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent variables associated with social phobia.

Findings: Of the study group, 402 (50.7%) were male and 391 (49.3%) were female. The age of the students ranged from 14 to 18 years, with a mean age of 15.94±0.99 years. The frequency of social phobia was found 11.0% (n = 87) and internet addiction was found 11.7% (n = 93) in the study. In multivariate analysis, the prevalence of social phobia was higher in females (OR: 2.468), high school and over educated maternal education status (1.939), not good friend relationship (1.836) and have internet addiction groups (2.206) (for each; p≤0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: Social phobia and internet addiction are important health problems related to each other in adolescents. Social phobia can be prevented by controlled use of the internet. Screening programs on social phobia and internet addiction should be done in adolescents.

Table 1. Multiple logistic regression results of social phobia related factors in the study group

Recent Publications

1. Bayraktar, F. 2001. 'Ä°nternet kullanımının ergen geliÅŸimindeki rolü (Yüksek lisans tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ä°zmir)', UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni. jsp adresinden edinilmiÅŸtir.

2. Demir, Türkay, Demet Eralp-Demir, ErdoÄŸan Özmen, and Ömer Uysal. 1999. 'Çapa Çocuk ve Ergenler için Sosyal Fobi ÖlçeÄŸinin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliÄŸi', DüÅŸünen Adam, 12: 23-30.

3. Ko, C-H, J-Y Yen, C-F Yen, C-S Chen, and C-C Chen. 2012. 'The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature', European Psychiatry, 27: 1-8.

4. Shepherd, Robin-Marie, and Robert J Edelmann. 2005. 'Reasons for internet use and social anxiety', Personality and individual Differences, 39: 949-58.

5. Young, Kimberly S. 1998. 'Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder', Cyberpsychology & behavior, 1: 237-44.

Biography:

Ramazan Saglan has been graduated from Cumhuriyet University, Turkey as medical doctor in 2013. He is a research assistant at Public Health Department of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine since 2015. He is interested in Preventive medicine and community mental health subjects.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Adolescents have become a major population of Internet users. While Internet use is rapidly spreading, internet addiction becomes a serious problem in adolescents who have not yet completed their physical and psychological development. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of internet addiction and related factors in adolescents.

Methodology: The study is a cross-sectional study performed on high school students in EskiÅŸehir (Turkey) in 2017. Ethical and administrative permissions were got for the study. In the study, multi-stage cluster sampling method was used according to settlement units and school types. In the sampling schools, a total of 3,468 students who agreed to participate in the study formed the study group. The Young Internet Addiction Scale was used to assess Internet addiction. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent variables associated with Internet addiction.

Findings: Of the study group, 44.2% were male and the age of the study group ranged from 14 to 18 years and the mean (SD) was 15.89 (1.20) years. The frequency of internet addiction among students was found 13.7% (n = 474). In a multivariate analysis, the risk of Internet addiction was higher among women (OR: 1.293), not living in core families (1.364), connecting to the internet via computers (1.674), who reported that they could not limit themselves to using the Internet (5.071), who were 10 years old or younger at the age of first internet use (1.312) and who reached the internet within the first hour after waking up in the morning (3.124) (for each; p≤0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: Internet addiction is an important health problem in adolescents. Internet addiction can be avoided by educating adolescents on the control of the internet and preventing children from using the internet in their at an early age by their parents.

Table 1. Multiple logistic regression results of internet addiction related factors in the study group

  Recent Publications

1.Bayraktar, F. 2001. 'Ä°nternet kullanımının ergen geliÅŸimindeki rolü (Yüksek lisans tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ä°zmir)', UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni. jsp adresinden edinilmiÅŸtir.

2.Ko, C-H, J-Y Yen, C-F Yen, C-S Chen, and C-C Chen. 2012. 'The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature', European Psychiatry, 27: 1-8.

3.Moreno, Megan A, Lauren A Jelenchick, and Dimitri A Christakis. 2013. 'Problematic internet use among older adolescents: A conceptual framework', Computers in Human Behavior, 29: 1879-87.

4.Tsai, Chin-Chung, and Sunny SJ Lin. 2003. 'Internet addiction of adolescents in Taiwan: An interview study', Cyberpsychology & behavior, 6: 649-52

5.Young, Kimberly S. 1998. 'Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder', Cyberpsychology & behavior, 1: 237-44.

Biography:

Yasemin Saglan has been graduated from Cumhuriyet University, Turkey as medical doctor in 2012. She was a research assistant from 2013 to 2017 at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. She is currently working as a family medicine specialist in Eskisehir Odunpazarı District Health Directorate. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases and community health projects are interests of her. In addition, she works in the smoking cessation clinic.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Seasonal agricultural workers are agricultural workers migrating to places where agricultural demand is high, migrating to their own countries at the end of the season. This group is a vulnerable group because of the inadequacy of living conditions and the inability to reach basic human rights services (health, education). Our aim is to determine the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in seasonal agricultural workers that is exposed to the worst conditions of working life.

Methodology: The study is a cross-sectional study was carried out on seasonal agricultural workers working in the countryside of EskiÅŸehir (Turkey) in 2017. A total of 536 seasonal agricultural workers agreed to participate in the study constituted the study group. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Scale was used to assess the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent variables associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Findings: In the study group, 201 (37.5%) were male and 335 (62.5%) were female. The age of the seasonal agricultural workers ranged from 18 to 92 years, with a mean age of 39.05 ± 13.59 years. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in seasonal agricultural workers was found 82.8 (n = 444) in the study. In multivariate analysis, gastroesophageal reflux disease was found to be higher in male (OR: 2.072), those age >30 (OR: 1.891), with monthly average income <500€ (OR: 5.200) and body mass index of ≥25 (OR: 1.962) (p ≤ 0.05 for each).

Conclusion & Significance: In order to reduce the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in seasonal agricultural workers, the average family income situation should be corrected and combated with obesity.

Table 1. Multiple logistic regression results of gastroesophageal reflux disease related factors in the study group

Recent Publications

1. Villarejo, Don. The health of US hired farm workers. Annual review of public health 24.1 (2003): 175-193.

2. Katz, P.O., Gerson, L.B., Vela, M. F. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2013. 108(3), 308.

3. Özseker B, Yasar NF, Bilgin M, Kurt Y, Balcioglu H, Bilge U. Turkish validation of National Institutes of Health (NIH) patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS®) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) scale. Biomedical Research. 2016.

4. Kutlu, Seher, and Ä°brahim Koruk. Migrant seasonal farmworkers: Health related quality of life and the factors that affect it. Turkish Journal of Public Health 12.2 (2014): 80-90.

5. Cohen E, Bolus R, Khanna D, Hays RD, Chang L, Melmed GY, et al. GERD symptoms in the general population: prevalence and severity versus care-seeking patients. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2014;59(10):2488-96.

Biography:

Soad Redwane is an epidemiologist in Casablanca-Settat Region - Ministry of Health,    Morocco. Her Areas of Expertise is Infectious Diseases (epidemiology and control)

Abstract:

Background:  Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin. In Morocco, The prevalence of MDR-TB is 0.48 % in new cases and around 12% in among the restatement cases. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for MDR-TB, in Casablanca-Settat region, Morocco.

Methods:  This was a case control (1 cases: 2 controls) study design. That has included patients notified as between January 1^st, 2012 and the December 31^st, 2016 at the Center for the   diagnosis of tuberculosis in the region. The cases are patients with MDR-TB and the controls are patients with drug-sensitive tuberculosis. In which the following factors were analyzed: socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and MDR-TB patient contact. Data from MDR-TB cases and controls were analyzed using logistic regression. The  association between the variables studied and MDR-TB was estimated by   odds ratio (OR) with the 95% confidence interval. The analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24.0.

Results: One hundred sixty-eight cases and 336 controls were collected. A male predominance was noted in the two groups, the mean age was 37 years for the cases and 35 years for the controls. Multivariate analysis revealed that cases compared to controls were significantly more likely to have had a previous history of retreatment (OR = 60.9) or relapse after antituberculosis treatment (OR = 20.6) or a patient - contact with MDR-TB (OR = 10.5) or a hookah smoker (OR = 3.6) or have a low monthly income.

Conclusion: Our results emphasize that previous history of retreatment with first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs is the main risk factor regained, hence the interest of surveillance close and especially the application of the directly observed treatment, Short-Course (DOTS) strategy.

Biography:

John Heironimus founded Fleming Scientific to develop novel dynamical approaches to understanding human populations where said offers augmentation to statistical and cognitive processes typically employed. FS has successfully characterized a wide variety of social and commercial populations based on the notion that stability accrues from states of order, in some dimensionality, that are the steady state solutions of dynamical processes. He holds degrees from Harvard and the University of Pennsylvania.

Emma Heironimus assisted in the development of the above paper and is a dual-enrollment student at UoL where she participates in trauma research.

Abstract:

Statistical processes commonly applied to healthcare datasets can overlook important dynamical relationships. However, understanding dynamicals often involves complex and

expensive modelling. We demonstrate a simple approach to “dynamical data mining” using Fourier transform and the Kuramoto model. We compare results from this approach to cross correlations using CDC’s ICD-113 data (1999-2016). We find that the ICD-113 is a synchronous anti-phase nodal system much like the spontaneous synchrony of pendulum clocks observed by Christiaan Huygens in 1665 (see image). It is a state of order in which ICDs are related phasallyabout common frequencies. We find that about 20% of these phasalrelationships are novel to the statistical approach and corroborated by research findings. Many of these novel insights appear to be complex time series relationships suggesting stronger linkages between initial conditions/care and final causes of death than statistics would typically reveal.

ICD-113’s state of order remains stable even as the mix of ICDs changes. This suggests that declining US healthcare productivityis perhaps more attributable to complex dynamical relationships within the system than to rising obesity or opioid abuse rates as often hypothesized. Given the system’s stablestate of order, we can simulate the impact of changing incidence of any one condition on all others without consideration of causality. As a synchronous system can reflect the influence of external factors, we also consider the possible influence of solar cycles. Using the SILSO dataset, we find consistency with ICD-113 (see image). Each ICD’s phasalrelationship to individual solar cycles allows us to infer its most likely time series relationship and possibly forecast future incidence on the same basis.

We offer several detailed examples of all points in our paper and conclude that simple “dynamical mining” offers an important augment to statistical processing of healthcare datasets.

Biography:

Adélia Dalva da Silva Oliveira has her degree in Nursing from the Federal University of Piauí (1993), a master's degree in Public Policy from the Federal University of Piauí (2006) and a PhD in Public Policy from the Federal University of Piauí (2016). She is currently a professor and coordinator of the undergraduate course in Nursing at Uninovafapi University Center. She is the Contestant of the Municipal Health Foundation and the State Health Secretariat of Piauí. She has experience in Nursing, with emphasis on nephrology, hospital administration and urgency.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: To deepen the studies with the elderly within the Institutions of Long Stay, sent by the specialized police station of Teresina-PI, will allow a better understanding of the phenomenon and enable the implementation of preventive measures, with the management of public policies and maintenance of a peaceful family coexistence among the elderly Dependents and caregivers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the training of elderly caregivers in the health care of the elderly victim of violence sent by the Office of Security and Protection to the Elderly in Teresina - PI.

Methodology: Field research, exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative approach where the technique of open interview guided by a set of triggering questions was adopted. The study scenario was set up in Long-term Institutions for the Elderly (ILPI) located in the city of Teresina-PI. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique.

Findings: The caregivers of the elderly who worked at the ILPI for more than or equal to six months attended the institutionalized elderly who suffered any type of violence. It was found that it is up to the caregiver to alleviate feelings of abandonment, sadness, and loneliness through closer contact and direct assistance to family members. Conclusion: The caregivers consider the predominant intrafamily violence, being committed by those who share the daily life with the elderly and presents mainly through neglect and abandonment.

Recent Publications

1. Castro AP.de et AL (2013). Violence in old age: approaches in national indexed journals. Science & Collective Health, 18: 1283-1292

2.Coelho ER. et al (2013). Sociodemographic profile and health education needs among caregivers of the elderly in a family health unit in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 8: 172-179

3. Damasceno CKCS, De Sousa, CMM, Moura MEB (2015). Violence against older persons registered at a specialized security and protection office for the elderly. Nursing Review UFPE on line, 10: 949-957

4. Freitas NMF, Spínola SCS. (2013). Violence against elderly: a forgotten reality. Mental health and social vulnerability, 104

5. Machado JC et al (2014). Intrafamily violence and the strategies of action of the Family Health team.Saude soc., São Paulo, 23: 828-840