Oyefabi Adegboyega
Kaduna State University, Nigeria
Title: Tuberculosis infection and treatment outcome in Zaria, north western Nigeria- a nine year (2007-2015) epidemiological review
Biography
Biography: Oyefabi Adegboyega
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) kills nearly 3 million persons per year worldwide. Most cases occur in middle and low income countries. In Sub Sahara Africa, Nigeria accounts for the highest absolute number of TB morbidity being the 4th among 22 most TB infected countries globally.
This study is a retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional review of the TB registers of 4054 clients who accessed TB health care services at 25 Primary Health Care facilities in Zaria, North western Nigeria between the years 2007-2015. Adult Males (64.2%), age group 25-34 were most affected. They presented mainly with pulmonary TB (88.5%). Only half of the clients (50.3%) had the smear positive results before commencement of the directly observed Short course therapy (DOTs) with either 2RHZE/6EH or 2SRHZE/IRHZE/5RHE depending on clients’ category. Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) co-infection was 19.1%. Post DOTs, 27.8% were confirmed bacteriologically cured, 52.4% completed treatment but no document to confirm cured, 6.9% defaulted, and 4.3% were transferred out, while 5.8% TB mortality occurred. The determinants of the outcome of treatment were HIV status, degree of smear positivity before treatment, clients’ residential address, DOTs Centre, clients’ age and sex. (p<0.05). The cure rate was below the recommended 80% by the World Health organization. There is a need for the Nigeria government in collaboration with international agencies to intensify effort at TB surveillance, monitoring and control activities in Nigeria.